How to Start a corporation in Georgia

The first step will be to decide on a name for your business. Choose a name that is memorable and unique, easy to understand and pronounce, and accurately represents your business. You'll want to search your name choices on the web to quickly find out if they are already taken. It's also best to jot down one or two alternatives, in case the name you settle on is not available for registration in Georgia.

The Georgia Secretary of State offers corporations the ability to reserve their business name, if the name is not currently in use. You can find out whether a name is available by conducting a business name search Opens in a new tab through the Georgia Corporations Division. If the business name is free, you may fill out an application and pay a $25 filing fee to reserve the name for 30 days.

You can learn more about Georgia business name registration rules Opens in a new tab through the Georgia Corporations Division within the Georgia Secretary of State.

Most states require that you designate a registered agent for your business, and Georgia is no exception. A registered agent acts as the state's means to communicate with a business and is responsible for receiving legal and official documents related to the business.

In the state of Georgia, it is required that each entity continuously maintains a registered agent and registered office. The registered agent can be anyone you wish, but whoever you choose must have a physical address in Georgia. In other words, a P.O. Box is not allowed as a registered agent address. This means a member of the corporation can act as the registered agent if desired, or a third-party registered agent service like MyCorporation can be used.

Why designate a third party to act as my registered agent?

It should be noted that registered agent information is made publicly available. This can cause privacy concerns for business owners who do not wish to list their personal contact information on the internet for everyone to see. It is also common for the registered agent to become a target of spam or robocalls since this private information is relatively easy to obtain.

Another issue that may arise is that in the case of a lawsuit, these documents would be hand delivered directly to the registered agent. In the case that you used your business location for this purpose, this could occur in front of your customers. This is why many business owners opt for a third-party registered agent service such as MyCorporation to act as a registered agent on behalf of their business.

The state of Georgia requires you to file Articles of Incorporation to form a Corporation. Each Articles of Incorporation prepared must contain the following information:

What information should be included in the Articles of Incorporation?

• The name of the corporation.
• Number of shares the corporation is authorized to issue.
• The registered agent's legal name, street address, and county.
• Legal name and address of each incorporator.
• Mailing address of the corporation's principal office (if different from the registered office).

The filing fee to file the articles by mail is $100 and $110 for hand delivery (the additional $10 covers the paper filing service charge). Checks or money orders must be made out to the Secretary of State. Please remember to have an incorporator within the corporation sign and date the articles of incorporation.

Corporate bylaws are a detailed set of rules agreed upon and adopted by the board of directors after a corporation is formed, that specify the internal management structure of the corporation. They are typically drafted by the corporation's founder or directors. Corporate bylaws are not submitted to the state.

The state of Georgia does not require a corporation to create bylaws upon approval of the Certificate of Incorporation, but it is strongly recommended. Bylaws allow a business to maintain consistency in the way it operates, and communicate organizational rules to help avoid conflicts and disputes. They cover how directors are elected, meetings are organized, and officer roster and summary of duties. In addition to management, bylaws specify details about ownership rights, annual meetings, and the addition or removal of officers and directors.

If you are not sure how to create corporate bylaws, you can purchase MyCorporation's customized Minutes and Bylaws Package. This kit provides you with the internal documents required to fulfill your corporate formalities and properly operate your business after incorporating.

The board of directors of a corporation are normally elected by the shareholders. However, for a new business, the incorporator (the person who signed the Certificate of incorporation) will often designate the initial directors if there are no initial directors named in the certificate of incorporation. This is done by creating the "Statement of Incorporator" which will list the names and addresses of the initial directors of the business.

The statement of incorporator is then signed by all of the incorporators, which passes all elements of control over to the initial directors. This is filed not with the state, but in a corporate minute book of the incorporation. It is kept as part of the corporate record.

The first meeting of the board of directors is an important time in the life cycle of a corporation. During this meeting, the initial directors of the business will adopt the corporate bylaws, set the fiscal year, and appoint corporate officers. It is also common to authorize the issuance of shares of stock to the founders of your company, usually in exchange for assets.

This meeting, and all future meetings of the board of directors, must be recorded in corporate minutes. Minutes are documents that detail what was discussed and any decisions the business makes during meetings. They are stored with the corporate records.

Corporate minutes are required for all Georgia corporations by law. Falling behind on keeping and maintain minutes can jeopardize the corporation's liability protection and overall tax advantages. It is important to maintain updated corporate minutes and keep copies of all the signed and approved minutes or actions by unanimous consent from any special or annual meetings of the corporation's shareholders and directors.

Stock is a representation of ownership in your corporation. When your shareholders purchase stock, they are buying a small piece of your business. Although it's not legally required, it is common that most corporations will issue paper stock certificates to their shareholders.

In a private company (not publicly traded on the stock market), you can set the value to each stock however you see fit in your corporate bylaws. For example, one share could be worth $10 or $10,000, either would be completely acceptable. If you have additional questions, you may contact the Georgia Secretary of State to learn more.

The business licenses and/or permits your Georgia LLC obtains will ultimately be determined by its location (including city and/or county) and industry. You will need to obtain a federal tax ID known as an EIN, which we will discuss more about momentarily. The Georgia Secretary of State has a professional licensing page Opens in a new tab where small business owners may conduct a search for an individual licensee or a facility license.

It is recommended that you conduct a search for existing data records before adding new information in order to avoid adding in potentially duplicate data to their system. Then, you may submit an application for a new business license. This page may also be used to renew an existing license or for a charity renewal.

In a pinch, you may also use MyCorporation's business license compliance package. Our skilled professionals will do the work for you. We identify all licenses required by your business and provide you with the information you need in order to file.

An EIN (also referred to as a Federal Tax ID) is a nine-digit number that is issued by the IRS and used to uniquely identify your business for tax purposes. Think of it as a Social Security Number (SSN) for your business, except an EIN is less sensitive. It is important to wait until the LLC has been approved by the state before applying for an EIN. For that reason, filing for an EIN is one of the last things to do when you are setting up a business.

• Open business checking, savings, or investment accounts
• File taxes for the business
• Complete payroll for employees if applicable
• Obtain lines of credit and credit cards, as well as "build credit" for your business
• Apply for applicable business licenses when required.

You will only need a few pieces of information to file including your mailing address and legal business name. You can apply online Opens in a new tab with the IRS by downloading IRS Form SS-4 (PDF)(116 KB)Opens in a new tab, or work alongside a third party organization like MyCorporation to complete an EIN application.